Produção Científica
Artigo em Revista
| Neotectonic reactivation of shear zones and implications for faulting style and geometry in the continental margin of NE Brazil The eastern continental margin of South America comprises a series of rift basins developed during the breakup of Pangea in the Jurassic–Cretaceous. We integrated high resolution aeromagnetic, structural and stratigraphic data in order to evaluate the role of reactivation of ductile, Neoproterozoic shear zones in the deposition and deformation of post-rift sedimentary deposits in one of these basins, the ParaÃba Basin in northeastern Brazil. This basin corresponds to the last part of the South American continent to be separated fromAfrica during the Pangea breakup. Sediment deposition in this basin occurred in the Albian–Maastrichtian, Eocene–Miocene, and in the late Quaternary. However, our investigation concentrates on the Miocene–Quaternary, which we consider the neotectonic period because it encompasses the last stress field. This consisted of an E–W-oriented compression and a N–S-oriented extension. The basement of the basin forms a slightly seaward-tilted ramp capped by a late Cretaceous to Quaternary sedimentary cover ~100–400 m thick. Aeromagnetic lineaments mark the major steeply-dipping, ductile E–W- to NE-striking shear zones in this basement. The ductile shear zones mainly reactivated as strike-slip, normal and oblique-slip faults, resulting in a series of Miocene–Quaternary depocenters controlled by NE-, E–W-, and a few NW-striking faults. Faulting produced subsidence and uplift that are largely responsible for the present-day morphology of the valleys and tablelands in this margin. We conclude that Precambrian shear zone reactivation controlled geometry and orientation, aswell as deformation of sedimentary deposits, until the Neogene–Quaternary. |
Artigo em Revista
| GPR investigation of karst guided by comparison with outcrop and unmanned aerial vehicle imagery The increasing importance of carbonate rocks as aquifers, oil reservoirs, and for urban problems is demanding detailed characterization of karst systems, a demand that can be partially satisfied with GPR imaging. However,the goal of imaging and interpreting karstified carbonate rocks is notoriously difficult due to the complex nature of the geometry of the dissolution and the GPR intrinsic limitations. One way forward is the direct comparison of GPR images with similar outcropping rocks. A joint study involving a 200 MHz GPR survey, unmanned aerial vehicle imagery (UAV), and outcrop characterization is presented aiming to improve the interpretation of sedimentary structures, fractures and karst structures in GPR images. The study area is a 500 m wide and 1000m long carbonate outcrop of the JandaÃra Formation in Potiguar basin, Brazil, where sedimentary, fracture,and karst features can be directly investigated in both vertical and horizontal plan views. The key elements to interpret GPR images of karstified carbonate rocks are: (1) primary sedimentary structures appear in radargrams as unaltered imaged strata but care must be taken to interpret complex primary sedimentary features, such as those associated with bioturbation; (2) subvertical fractures might appear as consistent discontinuities in the imaged strata, forming complex structures such as negative flowers along strike–slip faults; (3) dissolution may create voids along subhorizontal layers, which appear in radargrams as relatively long amplitude shadow zones; and (4) dissolutionmay also create voids along subvertical fractures, appearing in radargrams as amplitude shadow zones with relatively large vertical dimensions, which are bounded by fractures. |
Artigo em Revista
| An identification problem related to the Biot system. In this paper, we study the propagation of elastic waves in porous media governed by the Biot equations in the low frequency range. We prove the existence and uniqueness result both for the direct problem and the inverse one, which consists in identifying the unknown scalar function f(t) in the body density force f(t) |
Artigo em Revista
| Prony Filtering of Seismic Data Prony filtering is a method of seismic data processing which can be used to solve various geological and production tasks, involving an analysis of target horizons characteristics and a prediction of possible productive zones. This method is based on decomposing the observed seismic signals by exponentially damped cosines at short-time intervals. As a result, a discrete Prony spectrum including values of four parameters (amplitude, damping factor, frequency, phase) can be created. This decomposition occurs at many short-time intervals moving along an observed trace. The combined Prony spectrum of the trace can be used to create images of the trace through a selection of some values of the parameters. These images created for all traces of a seismic section provide an opportunity for locating zones of frequency-dependent anomalous scattering and absorption of seismic energy. Subsequently, the zones can be correlated with target seismic horizons. Analysis and interpretation of these zones may promote understanding of the target horizons features and help to connect these features with the presence of possible reservoirs. |
Artigo em Revista
| An identification problem related to the Biot system In this paper, we study the propagation of elastic waves in porous media governed by the Biot equations in the low frequency range. We prove the existence and uniqueness result both for the direct problem and the inverse one, which consists in identifying the unknown scalar function f(t) in the body density force f(t) |
Artigo em Revista
| On an initial boundary value problem in nonlinear 3D-magnetoelasticity We prove existence and uniqueness of a weak solution to an initial boundary value problem, related to the Maxwell and Lamé systems nonlinearly coupled through the so-called magnetoelastic effect. Uniqueness is proved under additional assumptions on the smoothness of the solution. |
Apresentação
| Lanczos Bidiagonalization Method for Parallel 3-D Gravity Inversion - Application to Basement Relief Definition It is present an efficient parallel algorithm for the inversion of 3-D gravity data, which goal is to estimate the depth of a sedimentary basin in which the density contrast varies parabolically with depth. The efficiency of the gravity inversion methods applied to the interpretation of sedimentary basins depends on the number of data and model parameters to be estimated, making it very poor when the number of parameters is very large. We present the simulation results with a synthetic model of a sedimentary basin inspired in a real situation, taking advantage of a parallel Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm implemented using both MPI and OpenMP. Lanczos bidiagonalization method has been used to obtain the solution for the linearized subproblem at each iteration. The idea of obtaining the solution of a large system of equations using the bidiagonalization procedure is quite useful in practical problems, and allows to implement selection methods for the optimal regularization parameter in an easy way, like the weighted generalized cross validation method, adopted in this work. The hybrid parallel implementation combined with Lanczos bidiagonalization allows us to achieve a significant reduction of the computational cost, which is otherwise very high due to the scale of the problem. |
Apresentação
| Remigration-trajectory Time-migration Velocity Analysis in Regions with Strong Velocity Variations. Remigration trajectories describe the position of an image point in the image domain for different source-receiver offsets as a function of the migration velocity. They can be used for prestack time- migration velocity analysis by means of determining kinematic migration parameters, which in turn, allow to locally correct the velocity model. The main advantage of this technique is that it takes the reflection-point displacement in the midpoint direction into account, thus allowing for a moveout correction for a single reflection point at all offsets of a common image gather (CIG). We have tested the feasibility of the method on synthetic data from three simple models and the Marmousoft data. Our tests show that the proposed tool increases the velocity-model resolution and provides a plausible time-migrated image, even in regions with strong velocity variations. The most effort was spent on the event picking, which is critical to the method. |
Apresentação
| A Wavefront-propagation Strategy for Time-to-depth Conversion We present a strategy to time-to-depth conversion and velocity estimation based only on the image-wavefront propagation. It has two main features: (1) it computes the velocity field and the traveltime directly, avoiding the ray-tracing step; and (2) it requires only the knowledge of the image- wavefront at the previous time step. As a consequence, our method tends to be faster than usual techniques and does not carry the constraints and limitations inherent to common ray-tracing strategies. We have tested the feasibility of the method on the original Marmousi velocity model and two smoothed versions of it. Moreover, we migrated the Marmousi data set using the estimated depth velocity models. Our results indicate that the present strategy can be used to construct starting models for velocity-model building in depth migration and/or tomographic methods. |
Apresentação
| Time-frequency Decomposition and Q-estimation Using Complex Filters Two ideas are presented in this paper. First, we develop an analytic extension of a time-frequency decomposition, the amplitude of which is a high-resolution time-frequency decomposition that produces very tight energy peaks around the instantaneous frequency and the phase of which is a high precision and structured representation of the frequency content over signal’s entire bandwidth. Second, we build upon this signal representation by developing a Q-factor estimation method that does so by balancing both the amplitude and phase information content of the complex time- frequency decomposition. This estimator uses a propagator based on the Kolsy-Futterman formalism, which has a real part associated with attenuation and an imaginary part associated with dispersion, both of which are Q-dependent. The two methods are matched to take advantage of both amplitude and phase information of the time-frequency distribution. We apply both methods to a synthetic seismic trace and to real marine data. In the synthetic example, instantaneous frequency and Q-factor are determined successfully. The phase of the TFD reveals the instantaneous frequency, with greater sharpness, in both the synthetic and, most markedly, in the marine data. |
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